منابع مشابه
Cell and tissue responses to electric shocks.
AIM Existing models of myocardial membrane kinetics have not been able to reproduce the experimentally-observed negative bias in the asymmetry of transmembrane potential changes (DeltaV(m)) induced by strong electric shocks. The goals of this study are (1) to demonstrate that this negative bias could be reproduced by the addition, to the membrane model, of electroporation and an outward current...
متن کاملDirect measurement of the cross-shock electric potential at low plasma β, quasi-perpendicular bow shocks
We use the Cluster EFW experiment to measure the cross-shock electric field at ten low β, quasi-perpendicular supercritical bow shock crossings on March 31, 2001. The electric field data are Lorentz-tranformed to a Normal Incidence frame (NIF), in which the incoming solar wind velocity is aligned with the shock normal. In a boundary normal coordinate system, the cross-shock (normal) electric fi...
متن کاملFocusing versus distraction and the response to clinical electric shocks.
This study pertains to assessing the effects of electric shocks that are used in the treatment of severe self-injurious behavior. With pain sensation and startle response as the dependent variables and focusing versus distraction of recipient's attention to the electric shocks as the independent variable, these stimuli were administered to 60 paid volunteers. Using ANOVA, no significant effect ...
متن کاملParticle Acceleration at Relativistic Shocks
I review the current status of Fermi acceleration theory at relativistic shocks. I first discuss the relativistic shock jump conditions, then describe the nonrelativistic Fermi mechanism and the differences introduced by relativistic flows. I present numerical calculations of the accelerated particle spectrum, and examine the maximum energy attainable by this process. I briefly consider the min...
متن کاملFermi Acceleration at relativistic Shocks
After a successful development of theoretical and numerical works on Fermi acceleration at relativistic shocks, some difficulties recently raised with the scattering issue, a crucial aspect of the process. Most pioneering works were developed assuming the scattering off magnetic fluctuations as given. Even in that case, when a mean field is considered, its orientation is mostly perpendicular to...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Lancet
سال: 1902
ISSN: 0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(01)82069-9